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''Populus balsamifera'', commonly called balsam poplar, bam,〔Peattie, Donald Culross. 1991. ''A Natural History of Trees of Eastern and Central North America''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, p. 100.〕 bamtree,〔 eastern balsam poplar,〔 hackmatack,〔 tacamahac poplar,〔 tacamahaca,〔 is a tree species in the balsam poplar species group in the poplar genus, ''Populus.'' The genus name ''Populus'' is from the Latin for poplar, and the specific epithet ''balsamifera'' from Latin for "balsam-bearing". Other common names for the species include heartleaf balsam poplar, and Ontario balsam poplar. The black cottonwood, ''Populus trichocarpa'', is sometimes considered a subspecies of ''P. balsamifera'' and may lend its common name to this species, although the black poplars and cottonwoods of ''Populus'' sect. ''Aigeiros'' are not closely related. ''Populus balsamifera'' is the northernmost American hardwood, growing transcontinentally on boreal and montane upland and flood plain sites, and attaining its best development on flood plains. It is a hardy, fast-growing tree which is generally short lived, but some trees as old as 200 years have been found.〔 The Balm-of-Gilead (''Populus'' × ''jackii''), also known as ''P.'' × ''gileadensis'', is the hybrid between ''P. balsamifera'' and the eastern cottonwood (''P. deltoides''), occurring occasionally where the two parental species' ranges overlap. This hybrid is also sometimes planted as a shade tree, and sometimes escapes from cultivation.〔 The name ''Populus'' ''candicans'' has been variously used for either ''P. balsamifera'' or ''P. '' × ''jackii''; it is currently considered a synonym of ''P. balsamifera''. Balm of Gilead is a balm (healing compound) made from the resinous gum of this species or related species such as ''Populus'' × ''jackii''. However, despite the name, this tree is not the source of the turpentine Canada balsam, derived instead from the balsam fir (''Abies balsamea''). The light, soft wood of ''Populus balsamifera'' is used for pulp and construction. Many kinds of animals use the twigs of ''Populus balsamifera'' for food. The leaves of the tree serve as food for caterpillars of various Lepidoptera. See List of Lepidoptera that feed on poplars. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Populus balsamifera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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